Design of Hydraulic Structures





Syllabus

Unit-I

Elements of Dam Engineering: Introductory perspectives, Embankment types and Characteristics- Concrete dams and characteristics- Spillways and ancillary works – site assessment and selection of type of dam.


Elements of Dam Engineering



Introduction

A dam is an impervious barrier constructed across a river or stream to store water on its a upstream side. The side of barrier on which water is stored is called upstream side and the other side of the barrier is called downstream side.


Purpose of Dam

Dam is generally most suitable in hilly area where deep valleys are available which gives a deep storage of water. The stored water on its upstream side serves various purpose such as:

Flood Mitigation

Irrigation

Water Supply

Navigation

Fishery and wild life Preservation

Hydro-electric Power Generation

Recreation



Classification of Dams

Classification as per function and use

Storage dam

This is the most common type of dam normally constructed to store excess flood water which can be utilized later when demand exceeds the flow in river. The Storage dams may be constructed for various purposes such as irrigation, water supply, hydro-power generation etc. they may be made of concrete, stone or earth or rock fill etc.


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