Recommendations on Excavations




Preface

In 1965 the former Deutsche Gesellschaftfur Erd- und Grundbau (German Society for Geotechnical and Foundation Engineering), now the Deuische Gesellschaft

fur Geotechnik (German Society for Geotechnics), called the “Tunnel Engineer- ing” Working Group into life. The wide-ranging tasks of the Working Group

were divided into the three sub-groups “General”, “Open Cut Methods” and “Trenchless Technology”. The “Open Cut Methods” Working Group at first bus-

ied itself only with the urgent questions of analysis, design and construction of excavation enclosures. The preliminary results of these efforts were published in

1968 as the “Recommendations for Calculation of Braced or Anchored Soldier Pile Walls with Free Earth Support for Excavation Structures”’.

During the course of work involving questions concerning analysis, design and construction of excavation enclosures, it was recognised that the subject matter was so comprehensive that the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Erd- und Grundbau

(German Society for Geotechnical and Foundation Engineering) decided to remove this area from the “Tunnel Engineering” Working Group and transfer

it to a separate Working Group, that of “Excavations”; the personnel involved were almost completely identical with those of the previous “Open Cut Methods” Group. The first publication of the new Working Group appeared with the title “Recommendations of the Working Group for Excavations” in the journal “Die Bautechnik” (Construction Technology) in 1970. It was based on a thorough reworking, restructuring and enhancement of the proposals published in 1968

and consisted of 24 recommendations, continuously numbered and prefixed by the letters EB. The letters “EB” are an abbreviation of the German “Empfehlungen

fur Baugruben” (“Recommendations for Excavations”). In this English trans- lation “R’ is used to designate “Recommendation”.

In the period following this, the Working Group for Excavations published new and reworked recommendations in two-year periods. In 1980, the 57 recommendations strewn throughout “Die Bautechnik”, volumes 1970, 1972,

1974, 1976, 1978 and 1980, were collected into one booklet and given the name Empfehlungen des Arbeitskreises “Baugruben ”, EAB (Recommendations of the

Working Group for Excavations, EAB). The “EAB” abbreviation results from the initial letters of the German title.

In subsequent years, the Working Group for Excavations published new and reworked recommendations at irregular intervals. In 1988 the 2”d Edition was published and in 1996 the 3‘d Edition of the collected “Recommendations of the Working Group for Excavations, EAB”. The “Recommendations for Excavations,

EAB”, published here, also include the Recommendations published during the last seven years. The recommendations R 90 to R 101 involve the subject of

“Excavations in Soft Soils’’, recommendation R 102 concerns application of the modulus of subgrade reaction procedure and recommendation R 103 involves application of the Finite Element Method.



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