Earth Manual - Part 1





PREFACE

Paul Knodel, Chief, Geotechnical Services Branch, Division of Research and Laboratory Services, directed the writing of the Earth Manual

, Third Edition, Part 1. Richard Young, Technical Specialist, Geomechanics and

Research Section, authored chapter 1. Amster Howard, Technical Specialist, Field Operations Team, wrote chapter 3. I drafted chapter 2, along with sections on drilling, excerpted from the Small Dams Manual originally written by Robert Hatcher, Division of Geology, and on remote sensing, excerpted from the Engineering Geology Manual

. H. Kit Fuller of the U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia updated the

information on geologic products available from their agency. The Geology Division (Sam Bartlett, Mark McKeown, and Sandy Kunzer), Construction Division (Pete Aberle), and Embankment Dams Branch (Tom McDaniels) performed Reclamation technical reviews. These technical reviews were essential in improving the

quality of the product. Robert T. Sirokman was instrumental in obtaining new photographs of construction from Reclamation Field Offices. Technical editors for this manual were Richard Walters and Lelon A. Lewis. Monica A. Rodriguez and Sharon S. Leffel formatted it.

Part 2 contains standard procedures for investigating and testing soil materials for engineering design, construction, and operation and maintenance of water resources structures. Research and development continue to produce improvements in the knowledge of geotechnical materials and methods in which those materials are evaluated. Therefore, readers benefit from the latest technologies. After the publication of Part 2 in 1990, efforts began immediately to update Part 1 of the manual. We realized that, with such a broad topic area, we could not afford to go into detail as greatly as we would wish on any one

topic. To help alleviate this, a major change to the previous edition is the addition of referenced documents. We have strived to provide the reader the best citations to find further information. We have also referenced other Reclamation documents for more information in the subject areas.

The Bureau of Reclamation has a proud history in the construction of major water resources projects. We have recently broadened our mission to become a water resources management agency. This new direction signals a change from the era of project development. During restructuring in the mid-1990s, the agency witnessed the

retirement of hundreds of engineers, technicians, and inspectors. We hope that this manual will stand to document the knowledge gained through the efforts of many of these individuals. The third edition is dedicated

to all of those in Reclamation who have participated in these great earthwork endeavors. I know that I, for one, am eternally grateful to my companions in the Bureau of Reclamation, for I have learned so much about

geotechnical engineering.

Jeffrey A. Farrar

Earth Sciences Laboratory

Bureau of Reclamation


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