Modeling of Elevated Water Tanks for Seismic Excitations







1) Introduction:

The elevated liquid tanks include not only the water tanks but also the tanks in refineries and the chemical factories with deferent shapes such as cylindrical and spherical and containing the poisonous, chemical or explosive materials. Considering the condition of this type of structures in civil services and industrial networks shows the importance of the assured action of them during and after earthquake to answer the civil water requirements and avoid of great explosions and environmental damages. The guaranteed work of these structures needs to more studies due to the complication of them. This complication and understanding of interaction of tank and water during the Analyze and design under dynamic excitation duplicates the need of presentation of simplified models in codes. Housner [1] in 1957, calculated the hydrodynamic pressure of water on tank wall by an analytical method then he replaced the water pressure by a mass spring model [2]. These models were based on the nature of the wall of the tank.


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